THOUGHT LEADERSHIP PLATFORM

Knowledge That Shapes Better Decisions

Insights, publications and practical perspectives on law, governance, business and leadership—designed to help executives, professionals and founders make clearer and better decisions.

⚖️

Legal Series

Corporate law, land affairs, licensing, and legal practical guidance.

Explore →
🏛️

Governance

Corporate governance, boards, compliance and accountability.

Explore →
🧠

Insights

Articles and thought pieces on business, leadership and decisions.

Explore →
📚

Publications

Books, publications and practical references for professionals.

Explore →
🎓

Learning Center

Learning materials, guides, webinars and knowledge resources.

Explore →
PUBLICATIONS

Books & Publications

Books, practical references and publications on law, governance and corporate affairs.

The Legal Due Diligence Playbook

How Lawyers Turn Risk into Deal Power.

Manusia dan Keranjang Belanja

Di Dunia yang Selalu Menjual Sesuatu.

Darah, Kekuasaan dan Keputusan

Perseroan keluarga dan dinamika kepemilikan.

Terlihat

Refleksi tentang pasar modal dan kehidupan korporasi.

LEARNING CENTER

Practical Knowledge & Resources

Templates, guides and practical learning materials to support better corporate decisions and governance practices.

📄

Templates

Corporate templates, resolutions, minutes and legal documents.

Explore →

Checklists

Practical compliance and governance checklists for businesses.

Explore →
📚

Guides

Practical guides on law, governance and business matters.

Explore →
🎥

Webinars

Learning sessions and educational materials from Adiabel Insights.

Explore →

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN DIREKTUR ATAS PELANGGARAN KEWAJIBAN DALAM ANGGARAN DASAR DAN KEPUTUSAN RUPS

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN DIREKTUR ATAS PELANGGARAN KEWAJIBAN DALAM ANGGARAN DASAR DAN KEPUTUSAN RUPS Telaah Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakart...

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN DIREKTUR
ATAS PELANGGARAN KEWAJIBAN
DALAM ANGGARAN DASAR DAN KEPUTUSAN RUPS

Telaah Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Utara Nomor 158/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Jkt.Utr

I. Latar Belakang

Direktur sebagai organ utama perseroan memiliki kewajiban hukum untuk melaksanakan tugas dan tanggung jawabnya berdasarkan Anggaran Dasar Perseroan Terbatas (AD) serta keputusan yang diambil melalui Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham (RUPS), termasuk RUPS Luar Biasa (RUPSLB). Kewajiban ini bersifat mengikat dan melekat pada jabatan direktur, baik dalam kapasitasnya sebagai pengurus maupun sebagai pihak yang mewakili perseroan di dalam dan di luar pengadilan. Apabila direktur mengabaikan atau tidak melaksanakan kewajiban hukum tersebut, maka tindakan tersebut dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai perbuatan melawan hukum (PMH) sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata.

II. Kronologi dan Pokok Perkara

Dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Utara Nomor 158/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Jkt.Utr, perkara bermula ketika direktur suatu perseroan tidak melaksanakan kewajiban hukum yang secara tegas telah diatur dalam Anggaran Dasar perusahaan serta dituangkan dalam Akta Berita Acara Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham Luar Biasa (RUPSLB). Tindakan kelalaian tersebut menimbulkan kerugian bagi salah satu pemegang saham, yang kemudian mengajukan gugatan perdata dengan dasar perbuatan melawan hukum terhadap direktur.

III. Pertimbangan Pengadilan

Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Utara dalam putusannya menyatakan bahwa:

“…Menimbang, bahwa berdasarkan pertimbangan-pertimbangan di atas, maka perbuatan tergugat yang tidak melaksanakan kewajiban hukumnya, baik yang ditentukan dalam Anggaran Dasar Perusahaan, maupun sebagaimana yang dituangkan dalam Akta Berita Acara Pemegang Saham Luar Biasa, dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai Perbuatan Melawan Hukum yang merugikan Penggugat sebagai Pemegang Saham, sehingga oleh karenanya, Tergugat haruslah dinyatakan telah melakukan Perbuatan Melawan Hukum…”

IV. Analisis Yuridis

  1. Dasar Pertanggungjawaban Direksi — Berdasarkan Pasal 97 ayat (3) UU No. 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas, setiap anggota Direksi wajib dengan itikad baik dan penuh tanggung jawab menjalankan tugas untuk kepentingan dan usaha Perseroan.
  2. Keterkaitan dengan Keputusan RUPS Luar Biasa — Kegagalan melaksanakan hasil keputusan RUPS Luar Biasa dapat dikategorikan sebagai pelanggaran kewajiban hukum dan pengingkaran terhadap mandat korporatif.
  3. Kualifikasi Perbuatan Melawan Hukum — Unsur PMH meliputi adanya perbuatan melawan hukum, kesalahan, kerugian, dan hubungan kausal.
  4. Aspek Kepatuhan Korporasi — Putusan ini memperkuat prinsip Good Corporate Governance (GCG).

V. Implikasi Hukum

  1. Pertanggungjawaban pribadi Direksi atas kelalaian hukum.
  2. Keputusan RUPS bersifat mengikat dan berkonsekuensi hukum.
  3. Penguatan peran Notaris korporasi dalam memastikan pelaksanaan keputusan RUPS.

VI. Kesimpulan

  1. Direktur yang tidak melaksanakan kewajiban hukum dapat dikualifikasikan melakukan PMH.
  2. Kelalaian tersebut menimbulkan pertanggungjawaban perdata pribadi.
  3. Putusan ini menegaskan penerapan prinsip fiduciary duty dalam hukum korporasi.

📘 Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Utara Nomor 158/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Jkt.Utr, tanggal 8 September 2020.

Info Selanjutnya

Artikel ini merupakan bagian dari ADIABEL – Reading Room, yang mengulas tanggung jawab direksi, kepatuhan korporasi, dan praktik Good Corporate Governance berdasarkan putusan pengadilan.

I. Background

The Director, as a principal organ of a limited liability company, bears a legal obligation to perform duties and responsibilities in accordance with the Articles of Association of the Company and resolutions adopted by the General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS), including Extraordinary General Meetings of Shareholders (EGMS). Such obligations are binding and inherent to the office of Director, both in the capacity as company management and as the legal representative of the company before and outside court. Failure or neglect to perform these legal obligations may be qualified as an unlawful act pursuant to Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code.

II. Chronology and Subject Matter of the Case

In Decision of the North Jakarta District Court Number 158/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Jkt.Utr, the case originated from the Director’s failure to perform legal obligations explicitly stipulated in the Company’s Articles of Association and recorded in the Deed of Minutes of the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders (EGMS). Such omission caused losses to one of the shareholders, who subsequently filed a civil lawsuit against the Director based on an unlawful act.

III. Court’s Considerations

The Panel of Judges of the North Jakarta District Court held as follows:

“…Considering that based on the foregoing considerations, the Defendant’s act of failing to perform legal obligations, both as stipulated in the Company’s Articles of Association and as set forth in the Deed of Minutes of the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders, may be qualified as an Unlawful Act causing losses to the Plaintiff as a Shareholder; therefore, the Defendant must be declared to have committed an Unlawful Act…”

IV. Juridical Analysis

  1. Basis of Directors’ Liability — Article 97 paragraph (3) of Law Number 40 of 2007 on Limited Liability Companies obliges each member of the Board of Directors to perform duties in good faith and with full responsibility for the interest and business of the Company.
  2. Correlation with EGMS Resolutions — Failure to implement EGMS resolutions constitutes a breach of legal obligations and a denial of the corporate mandate.
  3. Qualification as an Unlawful Act — The elements consist of an unlawful act, fault, damage, and causal relationship.
  4. Corporate Compliance Aspect — This decision reinforces the principle of Good Corporate Governance (GCG).

V. Legal Implications

  1. Personal civil liability of Directors for legal negligence.
  2. GMS resolutions are legally binding and carry legal consequences.
  3. Strengthening the role of corporate Notaries in ensuring implementation of GMS resolutions.

VI. Conclusion

  1. A Director who fails to perform legal obligations may be qualified as having committed an unlawful act.
  2. Such negligence gives rise to personal civil liability.
  3. This decision provides a foundation for the application of fiduciary duty in Indonesian corporate law.

📘 Decision of the North Jakarta District Court Number 158/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Jkt.Utr, dated 8 September 2020.

Next Information

This article forms part of ADIABEL – Reading Room, presenting jurisprudence-based analysis on directors’ liability and corporate governance.

COMMENTS

Loaded All Posts Not found any posts VIEW ALL Readmore Reply Cancel reply Delete By Home PAGES POSTS View All RECOMMENDED FOR YOU LABEL ARCHIVE SEARCH ALL POSTS Not found any post match with your request Back Home Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat January February March April May June July August September October November December Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec just now 1 minute ago $$1$$ minutes ago 1 hour ago $$1$$ hours ago Yesterday $$1$$ days ago $$1$$ weeks ago more than 5 weeks ago Followers Follow THIS PREMIUM CONTENT IS LOCKED STEP 1: Share to a social network STEP 2: Click the link on your social network Copy All Code Select All Code All codes were copied to your clipboard Can not copy the codes / texts, please press [CTRL]+[C] (or CMD+C with Mac) to copy Table of Content